How to rename SQL Server database?

Execute the following script to rename the database

USE master;
GO
EXEC sp_dboption MyDatabase, 'Single User', True
GO
EXEC sp_renamedb ' MyDatabase', ' MyDatabaseNew’
GO
EXEC sp_dboption MyDatabase, 'Single User', False
GO

To change the name of the physical file you have to take the SQL Server database Offline

• Open SQL Server Management Studio
• Right-click on Database which you want to rename
• Click on Tasks
• Then select Take Offline

Change the name of the physical files at the OS level and then Bring the database Online.